We here list the sixty-three essays, declarations, and speeches that are contained in the Reader. Each entry contains a link to the individual introduction for that text, and also to the Chinese original text where available.

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I. Last years of the Qing dynasty: 1900-1911

Anonymous, On citizens. 1901.

[Introduction]

Liang Qichao, On rights consciousness. 1902.

[Introduction] [Chinese Text]

Anonymous, On rights. 1903.

[Introduction]

Zhinazi, The people’s legal right to freedom. 1903.

[Introduction]

Zou Rong, The revolutionary army. 1903.

[Introduction]

Liu Shipei, Textbook on ethics. 1905.

[Introduction]

Xu Yucheng, First speech of Miss Xu Yucheng from Jinkui to the women’s world. 1907.

[Introduction]

Ma Weilong, If the citizens want to rid themselves of the evils of autocracy, they must have political power. 1908.

[Introduction]

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II. The New Culture Movement, May Fourth, and the Twenties, 1914-1926

Zhang Shizhao, Self-awareness. 1914.

[Introduction]

Chen Duxiu, The French and modern civilization. 1915.

[Introduction] [Chinese Text]

-----, The constitution and confucianism. 1916.

[Introduction]

Li Dazhao, The constitution and freedom of thought, 1916

[Introduction]

Gao Yihan, The state is not the final end of life. 1915.

[Introduction]

Hu Shi, Li Dazhao, Gao Yihan et al, Manifesto of the struggle for freedom. 1920.

[Introduction]

Tan Mingqian, The spirit of contemporary democracy. 1920.

[Introduction]

Gao Yihan, The question of people’s rights in the provincial constitutions. 1921.

[Introduction]

Liang Shuming, Eastern and western cultures and their philosophies. 1921.

[Introduction]

Sun Yatsen, The principle of people’s power. 1924.

[Introduction]

Anonymous, Foreword to the magazine Renquan. 1925.

[Introduction]

Part III. The Nanjing Decade: 1927–1937

Zhou Fohai, The Basis and Particulars of the Principle of People’s Rights. 1928.

[Introduction]

Hu Shi, Human Rights and the Provisional Constitution. 1929.

[Introduction]

Luo Longji, On Human Rights. 1929.

[Introduction]

Peng Kang, The New Culture Movement and the Human Rights Movement. 1931.

[Introduction]

Wu Jingxiong, Two Excerpts. 1933 and 1936.

[Introduction]

Qiu Hanping, A Discussion of Constitutional Stipulations Concerning the People’s Rights. 1933.

[Introduction]

China League for the Protection of Civil Rights, Manifestos of the China League for the Protection of Civil Rights. 1932 and 1933.

[Introduction]

Hu Shi, The Protection of Civil Rights. 1933.

[Introduction]

Part IV. War with Japan and Civil War: 1937–1949

Provincial Council of Shandong Province, The Human Rights Protection Regulations of Shandong Province. 1940.

[Introduction]

Mao Zedong, On Policy. 1940.

[Introduction]

Zhou Jingwen, The Program of the Human Rights Movement. 1941.

[Introduction]

Zhang Junmai (Carsun Chang), Human Rights Are the Basis of Constitutionalism. 1946.

[Introduction]

China Democratic League, Proclamation on the Current State of Political Affairs. 1947.

[Introduction]

P.C. Chang (Zhang Pengjun), Chinese Statements During Deliberations on the UDHR. 1948.

[Introduction]

Part V. 1949–1975

Pu Zhongwen, He Shifen, and Feng Guojiang, Rightist Statements. 1957.

[Introduction]

Zuo Ai, A Discussion of “Human Dignity”. 1957.

[Introduction]

Yin Haiguang, Do You Want to Be a Human Being? 1958.

[Introduction]

Qian Si, A Criticism of the Views of Bourgeois International Law on the Question of Population. 1960.

[Introduction]

Part VI. 1976–1986, Including the Democracy Wall Movement

Mab Huang, An Initial Inquiry into the Contemporary Theory of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. 1976.

[Introduction]

Wei Jingsheng, Human Rights, Equality, and Democracy. 1979.

[Introduction]

China Human Rights League, A Chinese Declaration of Human Rights: Nineteen Points. 1978.

[Introduction]

Yu Fan, Problems in Chinese Society: Questions and Answers. 1979.

[Introduction]

Du Guo, A Rebuttal to the Critique of “Human Rights”. 1979.

[Introduction]

Xiao Weiyun, Luo Haocai, and Wu Xieying, How Marxism Views the Human Rights Question. 1979.

[Introduction]

Lan Ying, Is “Human Rights” Always a Bourgeois Slogan? A Discussion with Comrade Xiao Weiyun and Others. 1979.

[Introduction]

Hang Liwu, Human Relationships, People’s Rights, and Human Rights. 1981.

[Introduction]

Part VII. The Late 1980s: Before and After Tiananmen

Xu Bing, The Origin and Historical Development of Human Rights Theory. 1989.

[Introduction]

Fang Lizhi, Open Letter to Deng Xiaoping. 1989.

[Introduction]

Chinese Human Rights Committee, Declaration of Human Rights. May 1989.

[Introduction]

Shi Yun, Who Are the True Defenders of Human Rights? July 1989.

[Introduction]

Part VIII. The 1990s

Li Buyun, Human Rights: Three Existential Forms. 1991.

[Introduction]

Wei Jingsheng, Prison Letter. 1991.

[Introduction]

Information Office of the State Council, White Paper on Human Rights in China. 1991.

[Introduction]

Liberal Democratic Party of China, Statement on the Issue of Human Rights in China. 1991.

[Introduction]

Zhang Wenxian, Human Rights, Rights, and Collective Rights: An Answer to Comrade Lu Deshan. 1992.

[Introduction]

Xia Yong, Human Rights and Chinese Tradition. 1992.

[Introduction]

Liu Huaqiu, Vienna Conference Statement. 1993.

[Introduction]

Liu Nanlai, Developing Countries and Human Rights. 1994.

[Introduction]

Liu Junning, What Are Asian Values?. 1998.

[Introduction]

Ding Zilin, Lin Mu, Jing Qisheng, Jiang Peikun, and Wei Xiaotao., Declaration on Civil Rights and Freedoms. 1998.

[Introduction]

Hu Ping, Freedom of Speech Is the Foremost Human Right. 1998.

[Introduction]

Liu Qing, Moving in the Right Direction: China’s Irreversible Progress Toward Democracy and Human Rights. 1999.

[Introduction]

League for the Promotion of a National Human Rights Commission, Taiwan Urgently Needs a National Human Rights Commission. 2000.

[Introduction]

Chen Shuibian, Address by President Chen Shuibian on the Occasion of Establishing the President’s Advisory Group on Human Rights. 2000.

[Introduction]