United Nations
- The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights is a good place to start for information on UN human rights policy, including the text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in over 300 languages.
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) in English.
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) in Chinese.
- See also discussion of UN - China cooperation and dialogue on human rights on the Topical Areas page of this website.
People's Republic of China
- China's permanent mission in Geneva to the UN maintains a page on human rights issues which includes statements by Chinese representatives in the UN.
- The PRC government has issued several White Papers on issues related to human rights. The most directly relevant we link below; others can be found here.
- After the publication of the US Department of State's annual human rights report (on which see below), the Chinese authorities have throughout the 1990s published their own report outlining human rights problems in the US. The latest of these reports can be found here.
- The official human rights organization China Society for Human Rights Studies (CSHRS) was established in 1993 in preparation for the UN World Conference on Human Rights. It was originally headed by Zhu Muzhi, a former Minister of Culture and propaganda official, and among its members are many others who have been responsible for presenting and elaborating on the official line on human rights. The organization has arranged several conferences and published many reports and books since its founding.
- See also the Chinese response to the U.S. State Department report on religious freedom in China on the Topical Areas page of this website.
- See also discussion of UN - China cooperation and dialogue on human rights on the Topical Areas page of this website.
Taiwan
In December 1999, twenty-two NGOs, including the Taiwan Association for Human Rights (TAHR), formed a coalition to push for the establishment of a National Human Rights Comission, the draft proposal for which we translated in the Reader. The idea of establishing a commission has been taken favorably up by the government of Chen Shuibian who in October 2000 set up a President's Advisory Group on Human Rights; his speech on this occasion is also translated in the Reader.
- The speech that President Chen Shuibian gave on January 2, 2001 at the conference on establishing a National Human Rights Commission in Taiwan.
- The speech that Hung-mao Tien, Minister of Foreign Affairs, gave at the same conference.
- See also the speech (in English) of Mab Huang, a member of TAHR and the author of one text translated in the Reader, at the same conference.
United States of America
- The US State Department maintains a page on US-China relations. Reports dealing with US-China relations for the years 1997-2000 are collected here.
- One of the most carefully watched of these reports is the "Country Report on Human Rights Practices." We here provide links to reports on China from the years: 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2002 (all reports are issued in the year following the one they cover). Reports on Taiwan and Hong Kong can be found here, though the 2001 and 2002 reports includes Hong Kong.
- In 2000, the US legislature established the Congressional-Executive Comission on China (CECC). Its legislative mandate is to monitor human rights and the development of the rule of law in China, and to submit an annual report to the President and the Congress. It consists of nine Senators, nine members of the House of Representatives, and five senior Administration officials appointed by the President.
- The CECC's 2003 Annual Report can be accessed here; the full report is available here.
- The CECC's 2002 Annual Report can be dowloaded here; follow this link for further information on that report, including separate comments by some of the Comissioners.
- An executive summary of the Report in Chinese can be downloaded here.
- HRIC has issued a brief comment, in Chinese, on the report; see the Activist section of this website.
- The CECC regularly sponsors events related to human rights in China; see their home page for details.
- See also the State Department report on religious freedom in China on the Topical Areas page of this website.
- See also discussion of US - China cooperation and dialogue on human rights on the Topical Areas page of this website.
Europe and the European Union
- The EU's China policy is outlined here.
- The EU-China Human Rights Network is led by the Irish Centre for Human Rights, in cooperation with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing.
- A Report (April 2007) by the UK House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee addresses human rights in China (pp. 37-40).
- See also discussion of EU - China cooperation and dialogue on human rights on the Topical Areas page of this website.
- Several of the Nordic countries have since 1996 supported different human rights projects in China. See the Norwegian Institute of Human Rights, the Swedish Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, and the Danish Insitute for Human Rights.
Other Nations
- The Australian government has for several years engaged in a Human Rights Dialogue with the PRC government. An index of relevant documents can be found here; this is a link to basic information about the Dialogue.
- For materials related to other UN, regional, and national dialogues, see this section of the Topical Areas page in this website.
- In 1993, the Human Rights Research and Education Centre at the University of Ottawa inaugrated its China program. The Canadian International Development Agency also supports programs related to human rights in China.
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Copyright © 2001 by Stephen C. Angle and Marina Svensson, and M.E. Sharpe, Inc. Permission is hereby granted for all non-commercial uses of these materials.